Poor rapid automatized naming abilities (on alphanumeric and nonalphanumeric tasks) have been found to be a long-term and universal symptom of reading deficits( Araújo & Faísca, 2019). So why is RAN so important? Turns out RAN has been found to be a consistent predictor of reading fluency in all orthographies ( Landerl, et al, 2019). Some examples of common assessments of processing speed include the Processing Speed Index (PSI)of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children®-Fifth Edition (WISC-V), the Rapid Symbolic and Nonsymbolic Naming Composites from the Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing | Second Edition (CTOPP-2), as well as the Rapid Automatized Naming and Rapid Alternating Stimulus Tests (RAN/RAS). It allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells. It is a major contributor to processing speed, which is often further distinguished for research purposes as sensorimotor speed (time, dexterity, and strength needed to complete specific motor tasks) and perceptual speed (ability to quickly and accurately compare similarities and differences among sets of letters, numbers, objects, pictures, or patterns.) The latter is known as Rapid Automatized Naming or RAN. Myelin is an insulating cover (made up of protein and fatty substances) that forms around nerves in the brain and spinal cord. Neuropathologically, this process is driven by the speed of neuronal transmissions and is associated with myelination ( Chevalier et al., 2015). It is thought to be closely related to one’s ability to perform higher-order cognitive tasks since, in addition to visually recognizing what to do, one needs to both make and subsequently implement a decision to do something. So what exactly is processing speed and why is it important? Processing speed is a measure of the time required to rapidly respond to information in one’s environment (cognitive efficiency). Due to the popularity of that post as well as numerous requests, I decided to write a similar post regarding what works and does not work for improving processing speed in students with language and learning needs who take excessively slow time to complete a variety of academic tasks. Recently I wrote a post entitled: “ What Works for Improving Working Memory?” in which I listed useful resources on the subject. Tip: Click on the bolded text in black for further reading
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